Strengtheningenhancing drought and flood early warning systems in ethiopia page 4 3. Rural development and natural resource management masters. Rainwater harvesting to improve livelihoods in ethiopia. Gadio stressed the role of gender in climate change has signi. A case study of addis ababa ethiopia article pdf available june 2017 with 556 reads how we measure reads. Rainwater harvesting is one of the environmentally sound systems of gaining water. Pdf social and economic potential of rainwater harvesting in. One method of improving water quality in ethiopia is to implement rainwater harvesting techniques.
It focuses on the household level, where most adaptation and coping strategies are implemented. Rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative approach of sustainable water supply. Where we work in tigray, farming grain crops supports sustenance and livelihoods. Economic analysis of water harvesting technologies in ethiopia. Overview of the ethiopian rainwater harvesting association erha meselech seyoum ethiopian rainwater harvesting association erha secretariat, addis ababa, ethiopia background the global concern water is a finite and limited resource upon which human wellbeing and socioeconomic development depend. Rainwater harvesting in ethiopia and kenya, africa giscorps. Here, the technology focus was on the development and safe use of shallow groundwater through handdug wells, manual drilling, related lifting. Rainwater harvesting initiatives have helped those facing drought in india, china and mexico and could be the answer to improving water quality in ethiopia on a widespread basis. Drinking water quality in the ethiopian section of the.
This thesis examines the economic aspects of water harvesting by exploring. The policy angle will engage stakeholders from governments and ingos and discuss how to. The augmented resources can be harvested whenever needed. Ethiopia is a landlocked country located in the horn of africa. Our goal is to educate the public about rainwater harvesting and other waterrelated issues so that we can have a sustainable water supply for generations to come. Hydrogeology of ethiopia as a mountainous country, ethiopia receives a significant amount of rainfall in the highlands figure 4, and even in the arid areas rainfall can be used as a direct water. While access has increased substantially with funding from foreign aid, much still remains to be done to achieve the millennium development goal of halving the share of people without access to water and sanitation by 2015, to improve sustainability and to improve service quality. Water resources of ethiopia california state university.
Project goals included building sand dams and storage tanks to ensure access to safe drinking water and water for productive use in the short and longterm for communities. The science of the total environment 311 2003 6580 67 fig. International livestock research institute ilri addis ababa, ethiopia. Assessment of drinking water quality and determinants of household potable water consumption in simada district, ethiopia a project paper presented to the faculty of the graduate school of cornell university in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of professional studies mps by meseret belachew addisie january 2012. In ethiopias arid areas, where pastoralism is the dominant livelihood, practical. Water is an essential resource for lives and development. Its economy is based mainly on agriculture providing employment for over 80% of the labor force which accounts for a little over 50% of the gdp gross domestic product. A case study of rainwater harvesting for domestic, livestock, environmental and agricultural use in kusa by orodi odhiambo, alex oduor and. A gis feasibility study ethiopia is a populous country in eastern africa that has three of the major tributaries to the nile river, which contribute about 86% of the combined nile water flow into the aswan dam, but ethiopia receives only 1% of that water reserve.
Women and girls have to travel huge distances to fetch water, and they are unable to go to school or participate. Clean water scarcity becomes a critical issue in many parts of ethiopia due to the high population growth, water pollution and climate change. The high annual rainfall rates make rainwater harvesting one of the best options to mitigate water. The study evaluated the impact of rainwaterharvesting irrigation on household food security and income in eastern hararghe, ethiopia. Pdf socioeconomic potential of rainwater harvesting in. The rain water harvesting may be defined as the technique of collection and storage of rain water at surface or in subsurface aquifer before it is lost as surface run off. The most common types of macrocatchment rwh ponds in the southern dry lands of ethiopia encompass underground rainwater ponds that could be of earthen ponds without any lining materials, lined with cement or covered with plastic sheets. Promoting droughtcrop insurance program in ethiopia page 2 2. Water harvesting part here is the construction of diversion structures permanent or temporary across on part of the river and canaling to an irrigation command area. The new publication, impacts of rainwater harvesting. Rainwater harvesting technology practices and implication of. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia ministry of water. It is a method for inducing, collecting, storing and conserving local surface runoff for agriculture in arid and semiarid regions water collected from roof tops, courtyards and similar compacted or treated surfaces domestic purposes and garden crops micro catchment water.
During rains, the portion of the water which falls on nwater harvesting. Water harvesting techniques gather water from an area termed the catchment area and channel it to the cropping area or wherever it is required. Assessment of best practises and experience in water harvesting rainwater harvesting handbook african development bank. Development of small scale irrigation and water harvesting schemes in arid, semiarid, and dry. Ethiopian rainwater harvesting association erha secretariat, addis ababa, ethiopia. There are about 700 monks and nuns living at the monastery and many additional farmers living nearby. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia ministry of water resources national meteorological services agency initial national communication of ethiopia to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc june 2001 addis ababa, ethiopia. Rainwater harvesting in rural areas our field experiences1. Ethiopia has a big potential for benefiting from rain fed agriculture even in drought prone areas.
Addis ababa highlightsunited nations environment programme. Thus, there is now increasing interest to the low cost alternative. After visiting ethiopia and seeing people forced to walk miles every day for water, an italian designer set his mind to creating a simple solution to provide clean water for any mountainous village. The rationale of this research is to study about the potential of rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative. Nevertheless these multi purposes structures will not be treated in detail further in this handbook. The promise and challenges of waterharvesting in tigray and amhara ethiopia reliefweb. Water harvesting is a traditional conservation technique, and there is. Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world world bank, 2003. The storage is made on the ground surface or underground, depending upon. Ilri workshop, march 1416, addis ababa, ethiopia page 1 roles, constraints and opportunities of small scale irrigation and water harvesting in ethiopian agricultural. In this symposium rwh will be assessed from three angles. Overview of the ethiopian rainwater harvesting association iwmi. Rainwater in flash floods, surface runoff and the ephemeral rivers can be captured and stored much more often, using multiple water harvesting technologies sanddams, ponds, subsurface dams, dugwells, insitu and roof catchment among others. Conservation techniques conserve water within the biomass and the soil by reducing runoff and keeping the water where it falls, as much as possible.
Ethiopia managing water resources to maximize sustainable growth country water resources assistance strategy report no. Shanmugham2 introduction rainwater harvesting is undertaken mainly to capture the run off from the seasonal rains and store it for use in times of need. And, families with access to water at home are betterequipped to maintain their own health and the viability of their crops. Access to water supply and sanitation in ethiopia is amongst the lowest in subsaharan africa and the entire world. Location of the sample sites in the rift valley, ethiopia. Overview of the ethiopian rainwater harvesting association. Consideration of how floodwater may affect any local housing must be taken. Water resources management in ethiopia description continued in this study, the editors address these and other issues surrounding water resources management in all economic and water sectors in ethiopia within the setting of the nile basin, the first comprehensive treatment of. Crop production and food aid requirements orthe ethiopia population. Rai nwater harvesting as adaptation to climate change.
A case study of uvati and kawala sublocation in mwingi district, kenya. The farmers use manual labor rather than treadle pump. In the oromiya and southern nations, nationalities and peoples regions of ethiopia, there is limited access to drinking water and basic sanitation. Rain water harvesting, utilization, tigray, ethiopia. Roles, constraints and opportunities of small scale. According to a recently published report of the world bank, estimates of freshwater per capita1 of ethiopia for the year 2000 was 1711 cubic meters. English news and press release on ethiopia about agriculture. Harvesting of rainwater on roofs at individual, community or institutional level. Rainwater harvesting for supplemental irrigation of onions. Ethiopia is blessed with water resources, but the irony of drought, famine, and water related preventable diseases in the land of plenty is a mind boggling and bitter fact we have become used to. Community perception on rainwater harvesting systems for.
Water harvesting in sudan practical action 3 areas of land. The potential and reliability of macrocatchment rainwater harvesting for supplemental irrigation. In many cases, roads cause flooding and water logging along the way, whereas the. Water harvesting has been promoted in ethiopia on the basis of augmenting. Pdf rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative. Behailu and others published water harvesting in northern ethiopia. Introduction ethiopia has a vast water resource potential yet only one percent of the estimated annual surface water of the 110 billion cubic meters is used for irrigation and hydropower alamneh, 2003. Ethiopia is endowed with enormous water resources having surface water and groundwater potential but access to water is limited due to.
Rooftop rainwater harvesting as an alternative approach of. Kenya rainwater harvesting map overall, this project has successfully shown that gis is a cost effective method to identify rwh as a viable option to improve water supply in both ethiopia and kenya. Water harvesting technologies a challenge to ethiopia iwmi. Symposium rainwater harvesting assessed from three angles. Water harvesting for multiple use in ethiopia mustrain 3 roles of partners the irc international water and sanitation centre is a thinkand do tank focused on the wash and iwrm sectors but with a strong interest in crosssectoral approaches to development and a background as a founder member of the mus group. Part of our work is to fulfill this mission in ethiopia. While ethiopia has relatively abundant water resources, it is considered water stressed due to rapid population growth over the last decade. Water harvesting technologies a challenge to ethiopia. Assessment of best practises and experience in water. Water harvesting for upgrading of rainfed agriculture. It is located on the rim an extinct volcano south of addis ababa. A rain water harvesting system for mai misham school, ethiopia background. Pdf clean water scarcity becomes a critical issue in many parts of ethiopia due to the high population growth, water pollution, and climate change find.
Recent development in water harvesting practices in ethiopia. Upon approval, the columbia water center cwc team at the earth institute, columbia university, focused on planning a visit to the. Water harvesting for upgrading of rainfed agriculture problem analysis and research needs this report has been financially supported by the foundation for strategic environmental research, mistra. However, water withdrawn for agriculture represents only an estimated four percent of the overall countrys available renewable water resources. Zuquala monastery ethiopian orthodox church to provide a fogwater supply for the monastery. The case of alaba woreda, ethiopia rebeka amha ilri, addis ababa, ethiopia. Soil conservation and water harvesting rain foundation.
The distribution of loans was organized by integrating a geographic information systembased land degradation priority map with the communities judgments and land tenure maps. Community perception on rainwater harvesting systems for enhancing food security in dry lands of kenya. Turning finance into services for 2015 and beyond significant human resource capacity challenges, in particular at woreda that is, district level, despite large but disparate programbased capacity building initiatives. Rainwaterharvesting is one of the means by which agricultural production can be increased to meet the growing food demands in all regions. Policy, knowhow and training on rainwater harvesting rwh and will be organised in ethiopia, from the 1st until the 12th of june 2015. Best practices for water harvesting and irrigation in.
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